In the Press: Dogs jumping up
Dogs jumping up on people is a common behaviour that, while often rooted in friendly greetings or seeking attention, can be problematic or even hazardous. Modern scientific research and training methodologies offer effective strategies to address and modify this behaviour, emphasising positive reinforcement and understanding canine behaviour.
Understanding the Behaviour
Dogs may jump up for various reasons, including:
• Greeting Behaviour: In canine social interactions, dogs often greet each other face-to-face. Jumping up can be an attempt to reach a human’s face, mimicking this natural behaviour.
• Attention-Seeking: If jumping up garners attention, whether positive (petting, talking) or negative (pushing away, scolding), it can reinforce the behaviour.
• Excitement or Lack of Impulse Control: Young or untrained dogs may lack the impulse control to remain calm during greetings or exciting situations.
Modern Scientific Methods to Address Jumping Up
1. Positive Reinforcement Training
Reward-based training focuses on reinforcing desired behaviors, making them more likely to occur in the future. This approach is both effective and promotes a healthy human-animal bond.
Application:
• Reinforce Alternative Behaviours: Encourage the dog to sit or keep all four paws on the ground when greeting. Immediately reward this behavior with treats, praise, or attention.
• Consistency: Ensure that all family members and visitors understand and apply the same rules, rewarding appropriate greetings and ignoring jumping.
Studies have shown that dogs trained with positive reinforcement exhibit fewer behavioral issues and show more optimism in problem-solving tasks.
2. Clicker Training
Clicker training is a form of positive reinforcement that uses a distinct sound (the “click”) to mark the exact moment a desired behavior occurs, followed by a reward.
Application:
• Marking Desired Behavior: When the dog approaches without jumping, click the clicker at that moment and provide a treat.
• Building Associations: Over time, the dog associates the calm approach with positive outcomes, reducing the tendency to jump.
Clicker training has been effectively used across various species, including dogs, to shape behaviors through clear communication and timely rewards.
3. Management and Prevention
Managing the environment to prevent rehearsal of unwanted behaviors is crucial.
Strategies:
• Use of Leashes or Barriers: When guests arrive, using a leash or baby gate can prevent the dog from jumping, allowing controlled introductions.
• Teach Incompatible Behaviors: Train the dog to fetch a toy or go to a designated spot when someone enters, behaviors incompatible with jumping.
Avoiding Aversive Methods
While some traditional training methods employed aversive techniques (e.g., leash corrections, shouting), modern research indicates these can lead to increased fear, anxiety, and aggression in dogs. Reward-based methods are recommended for their efficacy and welfare benefits.
Consistency and Patience
Behaviour modification requires consistent application of training techniques and patience. Progress may be gradual, but with persistence, dogs can learn to greet people politely without jumping.
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